Minggu, 27 September 2015

PERWUJUDAN KEBUDAYAAN



PERWUJUDAN KEBUDAYAAN

Beberapa ilmuwan seperti Talcott Parson (Sosiolog) dan al Kroeber (Antropolog) menganjurkan untuk membedakan wujud kebudayaan secara tajam sebagai system.

Di mana wujud kebudayaan itu adalah:
      1.       Sebagai suatu rangkaian tindakan, dan’
      2.       Aktivitas manusia yang berpola.

Demikian pula J.J. Honigmann, membagi budaya dalam 3 wujud, yaitu:
      1.       Ideas;
      2.       Activities, and
      3.       Artifact.

Sejalan dengan pimikiran para ahli tersebut, Koentjaraningrat mengemukakan bahwa kebudayaan itu di bagi atau digolongkan delam 3 wujud, yaitu:
      1.       Wujud sebagai suatu kompleks dari:
              a.       Ide-ide,
              b.      Gagasan,
              c.       Nilai-nilai,
              d.      Norma-norma, dan
              e.      Peraturan;
       2.       Wujud kebudayaan sebagai suatu:
              a.       Kompleks aktivitas, serta
              b.      Tindakan berpola dari manusia dalam masyarakat;
       3.       Wujud kebudayaan sebagai:
              benda-benda hasil karya manusia;

Sumber:
Elly M. Setiadi, Kama A. Hakam, Ridwan Effendi, 2013, Ilmu Sosial Budaya Dasar, Kencana, Prenadamedia Group, Bandung.



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